A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF RAMAN PUMP ON SIGNAL TRANSMISSION OVER FIBER OPTICS CABLE

ABSTRACT

Signal fading and attenuation are key issues in optical transmission over long distances (usually >100km). For example, a transmission link with a length of more than 100 kilometers on fiber optic cable will experience significant packet loss, detectable dropouts, and fluctuating attenuation. In essence, this will result in an unreliable and unusable transmission link. From the input, the optical signal passes through an Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA). With a Wavelength Division Multiplexer, the 1550nm signal is coupled with a 980nm pump laser. (The signal and pump laser pass through a length of Erbium-doped fiber, and the EDFA uses the erbium-doped fiber as an optical amplification medium. The interaction with the doping Erbium ions amplifies the 1550nm signal. The interactions enhance the signal intensity by amplifying the weak optical signal to a higher power. The signal booster described above can only send signals for a distance of 100 kilometers. This research looked into the issues of massive packet drop and loss, as well as attenuation on the transmission path. The optical transmission signal was improved above 100km using the Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing approach with the help of the Raman pump. This method helps to reduce transmission losses and boost signal intensity from one location to another. The optical transmission efficiency and performance were measured using BER (Bit error rate) and SNR (signal to noise ratio) tests to confirm the optical strength of the transmission link.